SIGNS AND DIABETES MELLITUS SYMPTOMS
Increased thirst in terms of times and accurate fluid volume.
Increase in the frequency and volume of urine.
Despite the increase in appetite weight loss.
Vaginitis, infections of the skin, blurred vision, and frequent bladder infections.
Occasional impotence in men and disappearance of menstruation in women.
URGENT DIABETES MELLITUS SYMPTOMS
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis. Increased thirst and urine, abdominal pain, nausea, breathing fast and deep and sweet-smelling breath are symptoms that precede a gradual loss of consciousness in Diabetic Ketoacidosis. This is more frequent that often occur in the insulin-requiring diabetics, after the failure of a dose of insulin or when there is an infection.- Coma hypoglycaemic (insulin reaction). Trembling, weakness or numbness followed by headache, confusion, fainting, double vision or lack of coordination are clear marks of an insulin reaction. This is followed by a State of intoxication and eventually convulsions and unconsciousness. Urgent care needed are.
- Hyperosmolar coma. It is a loss of consciousness, more frequent in seniors in which their diabetes does not require insulin injections. Hyperosmolar coma appears in conjunction or when there are other diseases or an accident.
GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT DIABETES
TYPES OF DIABETES
Its incidence can be between 5 and 6% of the population. Often a benign diabetes does not cause any external symptoms for years. The origin of the name comes from the Greek and means etymologically sweetness or honey (mellitus) passing through (diabetes).
About 1 in every 10 diabetic is insulin-dependent. Hence the name Diabetes Mellitus insulin-dependent (IDDM). The rest is a Diabetes Mellitus non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM). Diabetes mellitus insulin-dependent is also call type I, juvenile, ketosis-prone, or youth beginning of diabetes. But we will refer to it as IDDM, the name that more clearly describes this disease.
The IDDM may occur in any person and at any age. Typically affected people are children and young adults (young men currently have more risk than young women). The majority of diabetics diagnosed before the age of 19 are insulin. There appears to be a hereditary factor in the development of diabetes. About 2 of every 3 diabetic they belong to a family with history of diabetes. While Genetics is an important factor, inherited characteristics alone are not enough to produce disease, without the influence of other factors that are not fully known.
As the name suggests, the IDDM is distinguished from the NIDDM by the fact that insulin is or not necessary for the treatment. In the person with IDDM, the pancreas produces too little or no insulin. DMID symptoms develop very quickly (in a matter of months and even weeks). During the first year after diagnosis, there may be an improvement, called "honeymoon period". While insulin is not needed either your dose can be widely decreased. In the full development of the IDDM, insulin is necessary to prevent a ketoacidosis and even death.
Other terms used for the NIDDM are beginning in the adult, stable and type II diabetes. People with NIDDM are usually over 40 years.
The problem facing people with NIDDM is not an absence of insulin. Though they may have a modest decrease in the hormone, they may also have more chance of having a normal or even increased insulin concentration. Your problem is that your body is resistant to insulin. They are needed large amounts of insulin to maintain the normal amount of glucose in the blood.
Most people with NIDDM are obese or passing of their weight. Overweight worsens the State of their diabetes, and weight decrease tends to have a favourable effect. Sometimes insulin injections are required to maintain the concentration of glucose in blood within normal limits, but not as in IDDM, since the lack of these injections not Ketoacidosis. Agents called, oral medications are oral hypoglycaemic which often help the NIDDM but not valid for the DMID. When there is a loss of weight, the need for insulin and oral hypoglycaemic is, often, reduced or eliminated.
Usually pregnant women are young and if it appears a diabetes during pregnancy usually DMID variety. However, if you are pregnant and develop diabetes visit a specialist.
The third, and much less common type of diabetes is called secondary diabetes. This may well lead to an IDDM or NIDDM a, but differs from them because their cause is another disease. Secondary diabetes can occur as a result of diseases such as: acromegaly, Cushing Syndrome, hyperthyroidism, surgical removal of the pancreas.
DIAGNOSIS DIABETES MELLITUS
If you urine very often or you have very thirsty, ask your doctor, to be determined by an analysis request to see the level of sugar in blood and urine. Glucose in urine is called glycosuria. A high concentration of glucose in the blood is called "hyperglycemia" both glycosuria and hypoglycemia are given in the two types of diabetes IDDM and NIDDM.
The analysis of the urine substances called ketone bodies can help to distinguish between IDDM and NIDDM.
If insulin is provided in appropriate amounts, the person with IDDM may often have a significant amount of ketones in the urine. On the other hand, in the NIDD small amounts only occasionally found.
If the person with IDDM does not receive insulin for a few days, ketoacidosis appears almost safe. This involves an accumulation of ketones in blood and urine, deep, rapid breathing and a gradual loss of consciousness. If he is not made an urgent and rigorous treatment death can be very likely.
The NIDD can develop gradually over a period of years. It is frequently discovered by a routine analysis of urine or blood. Note the classic triad of symptoms of increased thirst, increased urine volume and weight loss requires a very high amount of glucose in urine and blood.
Until the discovery of insulin in 1921, the inevitable result of an IDDM was death. However modern drugs administered in a monitoring program have made possible the management effectiveness of 2 varieties of diabetes IDDM and NIDDM.
Some people insulin-dependent, experience extreme levels very high or low blood sugar concentration. This condition of diabetes tends to be identified with the "fragile" terms, "unstable", or "labile". These individuals require hospitalization to establish an "intensive insulin therapy" consisting of 3 or 4 daily injections.
Anyway a careful control of the lifestyle, including diet and less demand for insulin or oral medication can, in the majority of cases, be enough to make for a normal and productive life of the diabetic.
The two types of diabetes mellitus, IDDM and NIDDM, are potential short and long periods. The dangers in short periods are due to the reactions of insulin (low concentrations of glucose) and very high concentrations of glucose in blood. But these complications are usually resolved with a program of diet, exercise and, if necessary, an adjustment in the dosage of the medication. Ketoacidosis is another danger in short periods that diabetics need to know.
There are two types of long-term effects. They develop very slowly and have very few early symptoms. One of the types is associated with thickening of veins which in the case of long veins, are associated with the diabetic at a high risk for strokes, heart attacks, and gangrene of the toes. Problems with the eyes, kidneys and nerves may occur when short or small veins sustain long periods of danger. The second type is associated with a prolonged elevation of blood glucose (see arteriosclerosis in extremities).
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